911 or 988? Who are you gonna call?

These two easy-to-remember emergency numbers can also be easy-to-confuse. Here’s the difference.

911 calls anywhere in North America reach a local dispatcher at a Public Safety Answering Point, who can send first responders to the caller’s location. Often the dispatcher will stay on the line with the caller, providing support until EMS, fire department, or police arrive. 911 calls should only be made for emergencies, such as reporting a fire or crime in progress, or requesting an ambulance.

Most of the funding for 911 services is from state and local coffers. This might be general tax revenue funds or surcharge fees on phone bills (landline and wireless). Some federal grants have been offered for specific 911 projects. Some rural areas do not have 911 services available.

Next Generation 911 (NG911) is an upgrade to existing 911 services. This program will allow transmission of data, photos, and videos to 911. Transitioning to Next Generation 911 creates additionalexpenses.

988 is the Suicide & Crisis Lifeline. If you are having a suicidal crisis, mental health issue, or emotional distress, call 988. You will be connected with mental health professionals who can provide appropriate support. This service is available 24/7, and you can access it by phone, text, or online chat.

The 988 Lifeline is primarily funded by the SubstanceAbuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), an agency within the US Department of Health and Human Services. Some funding is provided by state telecom fees.

SAMHSA used to provide specialized services for LGBTQ+ youth through the 988 Lifeline. This service has been discontinued, but LGBTQ+ youth can still receive services at 988.

When a caller to 988 is in imminent danger, these calls are connected to 911 so the caller can receive emergency services. Less than 2% of 988 calls are referred. Studies of the effectiveness of 988 services show that 98% of calls are resolved at first contact. Most callers to 988 feel less overwhelmed, depressed, or suicidal when their 988 call has ended. They feel more hopeful after speaking with a 988 counselor.

Someone will always be there to answer.